Timeline of Water Contamination at KVSP

Delano’s First Wastewater Treatment Facility (WWTF) is Built
Delano’s First Wastewater Treatment Facility (WWTF) is Built

In July 1939, Glen Johnson, Delano’s Water Superintendent and Operator of Sewage Works authored an article in The Sewage Works Journal called “The Delano Plant” which described how the city’s first and only WWTF was built in “an area of poor soils” that was “well-adapted for a sewer farm.”  

123 TCP used in pesticides
123 TCP used in pesticides

Shell and Dow mixing toxic byproducts into their fumigants; they get spread by farmers in the Central Valley (123 TCP)

First wells drilled near prison land parcel

The City installed four wells west of highway 99 to monitor first encountered groundwater in the WWTF vicinity: one upgradient and the rest downgradient. (2015 UWMP)

Drought

California drought dealt a serious blow to Delano’s economy from 1987-1992

First prison built, wastewater treatment plant expanded
First prison built, wastewater treatment plant expanded

North Kern State Prison was built, the City expanded the WWTF by 0.8 mgd, bringing the WWTF to its current 4.4 mgd capacity. (2)

City sells effluent wastewater to local farmers
City sells effluent wastewater to local farmers

The City entered into a long- term contract to sell excess treated wastewater to the Sandrini Brothers, who until recently, recycled effluent on a 640 acre farm. Due to the death of the Sandrini Brothers, the farmland has been divided into two different farms that put the 1991 contract in jeopardy. (1)

North Kern State Prison opens

North Kern State Prison is on the northern side of the complex and is connected to the City of Delano public water system

CDCR proposes another Delano prison

California State Prison Kern County at Delano II prison proposed, many lawsuits filed by environmental groups (Friends of the Kangaroo Rat) and anti-prison groups like Critical Resistance

Sewage violation

The Board issued Delano a notice of violation for exceeding the monthly average daily discharge flow limit of 4.4 mgs since September 1999

Proposal to expand WWTF

The Discharger submitted a draft mitigated negative declaration (MND) to expand its WWTF

Degradation detected in groundwater near WWTF

Annual monitoring well data from 1991-2000 indicates groundwater levels beneath groundwater degradation in the vicinity of the WWTF.

Report about WWTF’s recycled water requested

The Board requested the Discharge submit a Tile 22 report by October 1, 2001. Title 22 requires that recyclers of treated municipal wastewater to submit an engineering report detailing the use of recycled water, contingency plans and safeguards. The Sandrini Brothers never submitted reports for their recycling operations.

Land cleared for KVSP construction

Los Angeles Times reports that the city is clearing land around North Kern State Prison to build Delano II “Just down the two-lane blacktop from North Kern State, construction workers are busy clearing 640 acres that are the site for “Delano II.””

Art Armendariz becomes Mayor
Art Armendariz becomes Mayor

“Prior to his retirement, he was employed at Wasco State Prison where he served as a community resource officer (liaison between the community and the prison), a correctional officer and a supervisor. Armendariz’s community service includes being a member of the Delano City Council for 12 years.”

City of Delano wells exceed new EPA arsenic limit
City of Delano wells exceed new EPA arsenic limit

When the EPA passed new laws about acceptable arsenic levels in the early 2000s, Delano tested its groundwater between 2000-2003, which resulted in 9 out of 11 of Delano’s total wells exceeding the allowable arsenic limit (Source: 2015 UWMP)

City of Delano purchased additional land around WWTF

The City purchased an additional 478 acres of farmland referred to as the “Mettler Property”, for a total of approximately 932 acres of farmland ( Source: Order R5-2017-0052)

Kern Valley State Prison opens
Kern Valley State Prison opens

Kern Valley State Prison opens on 600 acres of land, first to Level 1 in June, then Level 4’s in July (CDCR)

KVSP Built

Kern Valley State Prison opens on 600 acres of land, with a Level 1, Level 4’s in July (CDCR)

Proposed drinking water treatment plant for KVSP

August- November 2006: CDCR submits a proposal for an arsenic treatment plant and has it approved by the Governor’s Office of Planning and Research (Kern Valley State Prison Arsenic Removal Water Treatment System: SCH Number 2006091145) CDCR received $2.5 million from the CA state budget to build water treatment plant (LA Times)

High school is built near prisons and WWTF

Robert F. Kennedy High School (next to the prisons) is built

First compliance order issued for arsenic levels

California Department of Public Health (CDPH), part of the California Waterboards at the time, issued a compliance order to the KVSP Water System for elevated arsenic levels. Part of the order required KVSP officials to post bulletins alerting prisoners of their consumption of water contaminated with arsenic and the possible health effects from long-term exposure. This notice was posted quarterly until 2012 when plant construction finally began, and was reproduced in several lawsuits filed by prisoners.

Report published about gasoline contaminants in North Kern State Prison groundwater
Report published about gasoline contaminants in North Kern State Prison groundwater

Report by the Kern County Local Oversight Program published. States that North Kern State Prison Groundwater already impacted by gasoline-related compounds from a gas leak in 1993. “Soil and groundwater appear to be significantly impacted by MTBE [Methyl tertbutyl ether], TBA [Tertiary Butyl Alcohol] and other gasoline constituents.”

KVSP builds arsenic treatment plant
KVSP builds arsenic treatment plant

Kern Valley State Prison builds an arsenic treatment plant

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